RSCH-111 Weeks 1-10

Research Grade 11 (RSCH-111) Weeks 1-10

Research Grade 11 (RSCH-111) Weeks 1-10

AMA OED ANSWER

Research Methods and Designs

What is a research design?

Answer: All of the choices (a plan, structure, and strategy of investigation)

Which research design is best for a social inquiry?

Answer: Qualitative research

What is the best research design for beginning researchers?

Answer: Qualitative research, because the natural setting is accessible

Which research design involves studying the lived experiences of mothers of suicidal adolescents?

Answer: Phenomenological Research

What research design was used by Godina (2004) to explore literacy practices of Mexican-background students?

Answer: Ethnographic Research

Which research design involves developing a theory from data generated by observations or interviews?

Answer: Grounded Theory

What research design seeks to improve practice and study the effects of actions taken?

Answer: Action Research

What is the grounded theory research design?

Answer: The researcher generates a general explanation of a process, action, or interaction shaped by participants' views

What data collection method involves analyzing social life through photos?

Answer: Visual data

What is common in data collection among qualitative researches?

Answer: Language-based

Research Misconduct

What research misconduct is committed when a researcher copies results from another thesis?

Answer: Plagiarism

What is the research misconduct when a researcher distorts statistical computations to finish a paper?

Answer: Falsification

What is the research misconduct when a researcher declares they interviewed someone they didn’t?

Answer: Fabrication

What is plagiarism in the context of a blogger using friends’ photos without consent?

Answer: Using others’ work without permission or citation

Which of the following is NOT an error that results in plagiarism?

Answer: Paraphrasing others’ information and citing the source

What is the best way to avoid plagiarism?

Answer: Clearly identify and cite the source of every idea

What research misconduct involves manipulating data from findings?

Answer: Falsification

What is known as deliberately fabricating details of a research project?

Answer: Lying by fabrication

Citation Styles

Which citation style is used in: Pollan, Michael. 2006. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. New York: Penguin?

Answer: APA

Which citation style is used in: Ellis, Rod. Understanding Second Language Acquisition. New York: Oxford University, 1986. Print?

Answer: MLA

Which citation style is used in: Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. Springer, 2005?

Answer: CMS

What is the APA in-text citation for: McCullough, David G. John Adams. New York: Simon & Schuster, c2001?

Answer: (McCullough, 2001)

Which citation style is most commonly used in social science research?

Answer: APA

In MLA citation, how is a single author referenced in-text?

Answer: (Frye 197)

What is the most popular citation style in academic research papers?

Answer: APA and MLA

Research Ethics

What is the purpose of informed consent in research?

Answer: To ensure participants know what to expect and their right to withdraw

What does “observe justice” mean in ethical research?

Answer: Investigators should practice fairness in participant selection

What is an ethical dilemma in research?

Answer: Conflict between different principles of immoral conduct

Which is NOT an ethical dilemma in research?

Answer: Falsification of data bank

How can a researcher withhold a participant’s identifying characteristics?

Answer: With a certificate of confidentiality

What is anonymity in research?

Answer: Participant does not provide name or identifying characteristics

Why do researchers need to be knowledgeable about research misconduct?

Answer: All of the choices (to maintain integrity, avoid errors, ensure credibility)

Data Collection and Analysis

What is a research instrument?

Answer: A tool for data collection

What is the first stage of an in-depth interview?

Answer: Establish an initial rapport

What type of questions should be used in conducting interviews?

Answer: Mapping questions

What is the purpose of qualitative data analysis?

Answer: To accomplish a clear description of the phenomenon under study

How does verification of data happen in qualitative research?

Answer: Check and recheck data to ensure conclusions are realistic and valid

What is the final stage of analyzing data?

Answer: Presenting the data in tabular form

What technique involves marking texts with different colored highlighter pens?

Answer: Pawing

What is the technique of looking for metaphors in rhetoric to deduce underlying principles?

Answer: Metaphors and analogies

Literature Review

What is the context of “literature” in a research project?

Answer: Published accounts of researchers

What should a literature review enable an investigator to do?

Answer: All of the choices (provide insights, ascertain known information, identify strategies)

What is the best way to maximize the process of reviewing related literature?

Answer: Reviewing researcher’s notes on editorial and overview papers

Which part of the literature review engages in a dialogue with the literature?

Answer: Introduction

What is NOT important when assessing Internet-based literature?

Answer: The layout of the site

Research Conclusions and Recommendations

What is the content of a research conclusion?

Answer: A judgment or final decision

What is the basis of a research conclusion?

Answer: Data results

What is the purpose of recommendations in research?

Answer: Courses of actions suggested based on findings

Which statement is true about writing research recommendations?

Answer: Recommendations should be logical and valid

Should conclusions refer only to the population, area, or subject of the study?

Answer: True

Frequently Asked Questions

What is qualitative research?

Qualitative research explores and analyzes people's values, perspectives, and behaviors through observation, interviews, and other language-based methods in natural settings. It is ideal for social inquiries and understanding complex phenomena.

What are the main types of research misconduct?

Research misconduct includes plagiarism (using others’ work without citation), falsification (manipulating data), and fabrication (inventing data or results). These violate ethical standards and undermine research integrity.

What are common qualitative research designs?

Key qualitative research designs include Ethnographic Research (studying cultural practices), Phenomenological Research (exploring lived experiences), Grounded Theory (developing theories from data), and Action Research (improving practices through action).

What are the main citation styles used in research?

APA (American Psychological Association) is common in social sciences, MLA (Modern Language Association) in humanities, and CMS (Chicago Manual of Style) in history and other fields. APA and MLA are the most popular in academic research.

Why is ethics important in research?

Ethics ensures participant safety, informed consent, confidentiality, and fairness. It prevents misconduct, maintains research credibility, and respects the rights and dignity of participants.

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