CHEM-112 Week 11-20

CHEM-112 Week 11-20

CHEM-112 Week 11-20

AMA OED ANSWER

Atomic Structure and Quantum Numbers

Question: Which of the following atoms has the greatest number of unpaired electrons?

Answer: Cr

Question: Which one of the following statements about orbitals is incorrect?

Answer: Orbitals can hold two electrons provided they are spinning in the same direction

Question: This type of wave has certain allowable states or energies.

Answer: Standing

Question: Which one of the following statements about d orbitals is incorrect?

Answer: d orbitals are filled before p orbitals in the same principal energy level

Question: Electrons enter the 4s sub-level before the 3d sub-level because...

Answer: The 4s orbital has a lower energy

Question: Quantum number that describes the average distance of the orbital from the nucleus.

Answer: Principal

Question: This quantum number gives you an idea on the shape of the electron orbital.

Answer: Angular momentum

Question: Which one of the following statements about s orbitals is incorrect?

Answer: They can only hold one electron

Question: What alternative term do you use to refer to electron clouds or the probable path of electrons?

Answer: Orbital

Question: This describes the wavelike behaviour of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom.

Answer: Atomic orbital

Question: Smaller units that make up the sub-atomic particles of the nucleus.

Answer: Quarks

Question: Particle that is approximately as heavy as a proton but is neutrally charged.

Answer: Neutron

Question: What is the absolute value of the possible values for the spin quantum number of an electron?

Answer: ½

Question: This quantum number describes how the direction of the electron along its orbit.

Answer: Spin

Electron Configurations and Periodic Trends

Question: How many valence electrons does an electrically neutral atom of lead have?

Answer: 4

Question: Which one of the following is not the electronic configuration of atom of a noble gas?

Answer: 1s²2s²

Question: What is the electronic configuration of a sodium ion Na⁺?

Answer: 1s²2s²2p⁶

Question: What is the electronic configuration of an oxide ion O²⁻?

Answer: 1s²2s²2p⁶

Question: Which one of the following ions has an electronic configuration similar to argon?

Answer: Ti⁴⁺

Question: The electronic configuration of an atom an element with atomic number 8 is...

Answer: 1s²2s²2p⁴

Question: Number of energy levels in an atom of tungsten.

Answer: 6

Question: An atom of meitnerium has how many energy levels?

Answer: 7

Question: How many energy levels does an atom of plutonium have?

Answer: 7

Question: How many valence electrons does an electrically neutral atom of thallium have?

Answer: 3

Question: Number of valence electrons in an electrically neutral atom of antimony.

Answer: 5

Question: Which element has a larger atom: technetium or gold?

Answer: Gold

Question: Higher electronegativity: niobium or tin?

Answer: Tin

Question: Which element more easily releases an electron: technetium or indium?

Answer: Indium

Question: Higher atomic radius: chlorine or osmium?

Answer: Osmium

Question: Which element has a smaller atom: zirconium or tellurium?

Answer: Tellurium

Question: Which element requires more energy to release an electron: copper or roentgenium?

Answer: Copper

Chemical Bonding

Question: Bond formed between a metal and a non-metal.

Answer: Ionic

Question: Type of ion assumed by a metal.

Answer: Cation

Question: Type of ion assumed by a non-metal.

Answer: Anion

Question: Which of the following is a salt?

Answer: Zinc selenide

Question: Which of these compounds can conduct electricity when mixed with a solvent?

Answer: Lithium oxide

Question: What element is the cation in potassium oxide?

Answer: Potassium

Question: What element is the anion in sodium selenide?

Answer: Selenium

Question: Which of these compounds has a relatively high melting point?

Answer: Sodium bromide

Question: Happens to electrons in ionic bonding.

Answer: Transferred

Question: Which of the following is not a salt?

Answer: Carbon tetrachloride

Question: What type of bond can form between nitrogen and hydrogen?

Answer: Covalent

Question: Which of the following is a covalent compound?

Answer: Carbon tetrachloride

Question: Manner of bonding between two non-metals.

Answer: Sharing

Question: Tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

Answer: Electronegativity

Question: Which element is more electronegative: tin or antimony?

Answer: Antimony

Question: What is the geometry of the non-polar covalent compound with no lone pairs around the central atom but has three bonding electron groups?

Answer: Trigonal planar

Organic Chemistry

Question: This type of compound always contains the carbon atom.

Answer: Organic

Question: They are organic molecules consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen, such as methane (CH₄).

Answer: Hydrocarbons

Question: Organic acids that contain a carbon atom that participates in both a hydroxyl and a carbonyl functional group.

Answer: Carboxylic acids

Question: It is the simplest hydrocarbon molecule, with a central carbon atom bonded to four different hydrogen atoms.

Answer: Methane

Question: They are specific atoms, ions, or groups of atoms having consistent properties.

Answer: Functional groups

Question: This functional group is produced from the condensation of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid and is named based on these components.

Answer: Esters

Question: It contains a carbon-carbon double bond.

Answer: Alkenes

Question: The building blocks of proteins.

Answer: Amino acids

Question: Carbon double bonded to oxygen.

Answer: Carbonyl group

Chemical Reactions and Calculations

Question: A hydrogen electron moves with a velocity of 2.2 x 10⁶ m/s in its ground state energy level. What is the de Broglie wavelength of this particle? (x 10⁻¹⁰ m)

Answer: 3.3

Question: In the burning of 1200 grams of carbon, how many grams of carbon monoxide will be produced?

Answer: 2800

Question: Consider the burning of methanol in air. If 209 grams of methanol are used up in the combustion, how much water (in grams) is produced?

Answer: 235

Question: When 124 grams of aluminum reacts with 601 grams of Fe₂O₃, determine how many grams of Al₂O₃ are formed.

Answer: 234

Question: How many molecules are in 3 moles of calcium tetrachloride?

Answer: 1.8066 x 10²⁴

Question: In a molecule of ammonia, how many percent is nitrogen?

Answer: 82.24

Question: How heavy (in grams) is one molecule of ethanol?

Answer: 46.07

Question: In one molecule of sodium sulfate, how many percent of it is sulfur?

Answer: 22.57

Question: Suppose you want to burn 1200 grams of graphite. How much oxygen (in grams) would you need?

Answer: 1600

Question: What is the molecular mass (in grams) of calcium carbonate?

Answer: 162.11

Gas Laws and Titrations

Question: How much volume (in L) will 0.20 mol hydrogen iodide at 300 K and 100.0 kPa occupy? Use R = 8.314 kPa*L/(K*mol).

Answer: 5

Question: In a titration experiment, 500 mL of gaseous hydrochloric acid at 300 K and 100 kPa dissolved in pure water is needed to neutralize 12.5 mL of sodium hydroxide. What is the concentration of the basic solution (in mol/L)?

Answer: 1.60

Question: Consider a 0.316 mole sample of nitrogen gas. If this is placed in a 4-L container at 315 K, what is the pressure (in torr) of the gas?

Answer: 1550

Question: A 60.0 liter tank of gaseous chlorine at 27°C and 125 atm suddenly had a leak. When this leak was discovered, the pressure was found to have reduced to 50 atm. Determine how many moles of chlorine escaped from the tank.

Answer: 187.5

Question: Treating 50.0 mL of silver nitrate solution with excess hydrogen iodide gas produces 2.35 grams of silver iodide. Compute for the concentration (in M) of the silver nitrate solution.

Answer: 0.2

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between a metal and a non-metal, forming charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between non-metals. Chemguide provides a detailed explanation of these bonding types.

What are quantum numbers and their significance?

Quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, magnetic, and spin) describe the energy, shape, orientation, and spin of electrons in an atom. LibreTexts Chemistry explains their role in atomic structure.

What are valence electrons?

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom that participate in chemical bonding. Their number determines an element’s reactivity. Britannica outlines their importance in chemistry.

What is electronegativity?

Electronegativity measures an atom’s ability to attract electrons in a bond. It influences bond polarity and compound properties. Khan Academy discusses its role in chemical bonding.

What are hydrocarbons and their types?

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds of carbon and hydrogen, including alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, differing by bond types. Chemguide explains their structure and properties.

What is a functional group in organic chemistry?

A functional group is a specific group of atoms responsible for the characteristic properties of organic compounds, such as hydroxyl or carbonyl groups. LibreTexts Chemistry details their significance.

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